Georgia Virtual School (GAVS) Health Exam

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What major factor can lead to decreased immune system function?

Healthy eating
Stress
Regular exercise
Social support

The correct answer is: Stress

Stress is a significant factor that can lead to decreased immune system function. When a person experiences stress, the body produces higher levels of cortisol, a hormone that, in acute situations, may be useful for survival. However, chronic stress can have detrimental effects on health, including the immune system. Prolonged elevated cortisol levels can suppress the effectiveness of the immune system by reducing the production of cytokines, which are essential for immune response and help regulate inflammation. This suppression can also diminish the activity of white blood cells, which play a crucial role in fighting off infections. Furthermore, stress can lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and social isolation, which further compromise the immune response and overall health. In contrast, healthy eating, regular exercise, and social support are all known to enhance immune function. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients that support immune health, regular physical activity helps to boost circulation and immune cell activity, and social support can reduce feelings of stress and promote emotional well-being.