Georgia Virtual School (GAVS) Health Practice Exam

Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is a key hormone in the development of male reproductive tissues and the promotion of secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle and bone mass. The anabolic properties of these steroids allow for increased muscle growth and enhance physical performance, which is why they are often misused in sports and bodybuilding.

The other options refer to different hormones with different functions. Estrogen is primarily involved in the regulation of the female reproductive system; cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress, playing a role in metabolism and the immune response; and insulin is a hormone that regulates glucose levels in the blood. These hormones do not share the same anabolic effects associated with muscle and strength enhancement as testosterone does.